Glucagon
GCG (1-29) · native human glucagon · C153H225N43O49S · monoisotopic 3480.6194 Da. The index holds 15 assay reports on this compound across 3 batches from 3 suppliers.
Analytical fingerprint
Hand-authored chemistry. These properties describe the substance and do not change when a record is added.
Native glucagon fibrillates faster than anything else in the index. A reconstituted vial held at 25 °C in dilute acid will show visible gel within 24–48 h, and the index has rejected several reports where the submitter's own reconstitution step, not the lot, produced the aggregate peak at +2.6 min. Sample-preparation detail is therefore mandatory on glucagon submissions and the record page prints it verbatim. Analytically the compound is easy: 13.6 min, sharp, single dominant impurity (Met27 sulfoxide). Base peak [M+3H]3+ at m/z 1161.22.
- Compound class
- Incretin analogues and co-agonists
- Molecular formula
- C153H225N43O49S
- Monoisotopic mass
- 3480.6194Da
- Average mass
- 3482.75Da
- Residues
- 29
- Nominal retention (RG-2, 30 min)
- 13.61min
- Retention window
- 0.35min
- Counter-ion as usually shipped
- acetate
- Typical label claims
- 1 mg · 2 mg · 5 mg
- Analytical difficulty (index scale)
- 1.10 — straightforward
- Purity is a defined quantity
- YES
Representative chromatogram
Drawn from this page's own medians. Not a scan, not an illustration, and not any single report.
What the index has observed
Arithmetic over the 15 records the index holds. Aggregates on this page are computed over the records the index holds, which are not a random sample of the material on the market. Lots that get tested are lots someone chose to test. Read every figure here as a description of this dataset rather than as an estimate of a population.
By supplier
Suppliers with fewer than two purity records on this compound are omitted from the figure rather than drawn as a line. The full table, including the thin cells, is on the by-supplier page.
Characteristic impurities and degradants
The left three columns are authored chemistry — what this molecule characteristically carries and where it elutes. The right three are what the index has actually reported.
| Named species | ΔRT (min, RG-2) | Δ mass (Da) | Seen in | Median % area | Max % area |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Met27 sulfoxide (+16 Da) | -0.79 | +15.995 | 100% | 0.34 | 0.79 |
| deamidated Asn28 (+1 Da) | -0.36 | +0.984 | 100% | 0.17 | 0.83 |
| des-His1 (−137 Da) | -0.94 | -137.059 | 100% | 0.14 | 0.23 |
| glucagon fibril-derived aggregate | +2.61 | mass-identical | 100% | 0.11 | 0.76 |
Degradation pathways
- fibrillation within hours at acidic pH and room temperature — the classic instability
- Met27 oxidation
- Asn28 deamidation
Full impurity profile, with what each named species implies about the synthesis →
Clinical context
Included because it is routinely misapplied. Trial data describes a licensed medicinal product manufactured under a marketing authorisation, and it does not transfer to research-grade material of unknown provenance.
Glucagon has been in clinical use since 1960 for severe hypoglycaemia; it appears in the index mostly as a reference standard rather than as a research purchase.