AssayIndex
Cross-section

Semaglutide impurity profile

Every named species the index has reported alongside Semaglutide, how often, at what level, and what its presence implies about the synthesis or the handling. Reporting threshold is 0.05 % area; anything below it is invisible to this page and is silently added to the main peak.

768 recordsmedian 98.89 %spec 97.0 %
Median total impurities 1.11% n=768
Median largest single 0.59% n=768
Worst single observed 2.06% n=768
Named species observed 8 / 8 n=8
Named speciesΔRT (min)Δ mass (Da)Seen inMedian % areaMax % area
des-AEEA semaglutide (−145 Da)-0.82-145.07482%0.162.03
[D-Aib8]-diastereomer-0.24mass-identical79%0.172.06
deamidated (Asn→Asp, +1 Da)-0.51+0.98473%0.091.93
C18 diacid mono-ester+1.36+14.01672%0.111.54
des-His1 truncate (−137 Da)-1.14-137.05968%0.061.42
Met(O) sulfoxide (+16 Da)-0.68+15.99560%0.081.43
tBu-protected residual (+56 Da)+2.05+56.06346%0.081.35
semaglutide dimer+3.71+4111.05233%0.061.06

des-AEEA semaglutide (−145 Da)

Retention offset from the main peak
-0.82 min on RG-2
Mass difference
-145.074 Da
Reported in
627 of 768 records (82 %)
Level when reported
median 0.16 %, max 2.03 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

[D-Aib8]-diastereomer

Retention offset from the main peak
-0.24 min on RG-2
Mass difference
mass-identical — chromatography only
Reported in
605 of 768 records (79 %)
Level when reported
median 0.17 %, max 2.06 %
How it separates
Chromatography only. A gradient long enough to separate it; no mass spectrometer of any resolution will.

deamidated (Asn→Asp, +1 Da)

Retention offset from the main peak
-0.51 min on RG-2
Mass difference
+0.984 Da
Reported in
560 of 768 records (73 %)
Level when reported
median 0.09 %, max 1.93 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

C18 diacid mono-ester

Retention offset from the main peak
+1.36 min on RG-2
Mass difference
+14.016 Da
Reported in
551 of 768 records (72 %)
Level when reported
median 0.11 %, max 1.54 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

des-His1 truncate (−137 Da)

Retention offset from the main peak
-1.14 min on RG-2
Mass difference
-137.059 Da
Reported in
523 of 768 records (68 %)
Level when reported
median 0.06 %, max 1.42 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

Met(O) sulfoxide (+16 Da)

Retention offset from the main peak
-0.68 min on RG-2
Mass difference
+15.995 Da
Reported in
462 of 768 records (60 %)
Level when reported
median 0.08 %, max 1.43 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

tBu-protected residual (+56 Da)

Retention offset from the main peak
+2.05 min on RG-2
Mass difference
+56.063 Da
Reported in
351 of 768 records (46 %)
Level when reported
median 0.08 %, max 1.35 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

semaglutide dimer

Retention offset from the main peak
+3.71 min on RG-2
Mass difference
+4111.052 Da
Reported in
254 of 768 records (33 %)
Level when reported
median 0.06 %, max 1.06 %
How it separates
Baseline-resolved on the reference method.

Degradation pathways

Degradants are a handling finding rather than a synthesis finding. A lot that shipped clean and arrived oxidised tells you about the courier, not the chemist.

  • side-chain amide hydrolysis at the AEEA-AEEA linker under alkaline stress
  • Asn26 deamidation accelerating above pH 8
  • fibrillation on agitation of reconstituted material held above 25 °C